Curriculum Development for Enhancing the Imagination in the Technology Commercialization Process

Chi-Yo Huang; Yu-Sheng Kao; Hsueh-Hsin Lu; Ming-Jenn Wu

doi:10.12973/eurasia.2017.01062a

Full Text (PDF)

Chi-Yo Huang ¹, Yu-Sheng Kao ², Hsueh-Hsin Lu ¹, Ming-Jenn Wu ¹ ^*

More Detail

¹ National Taiwan Normal University, TAIWAN² The University of Tokyo, JAPAN^* Corresponding Author

Abstract

The imagination capability in technology commercialization is the key success factor for innovation. However, higher education in general and engineering-related curricula in particular, has offered limited courses incorporating imagination. A complete and well-verified curriculum that will enhance the imagination capability in technology commercialization is critical and imperative to resolve the problem. Thus, this research summarizes possible course modules and the criteria for evaluating and selecting the core modules based upon a literature review. Final criteria were defined by using the modified Delphi method. The influence relationships of each criterion on the others were derived by the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL). Subsequently, the derivation of critical criteria, a weight was defined for each criterion by using the DEMATEL-based Network Process (DNP). Finally, the correlations between the criteria and the course modules were derived by using the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). Based on the analytic results, QFD, TRIZ, and SCAMPER courses were recognized by the experts as important for enhancing engineering students’ imagination capabilities.

Keywords

technology commercialization
imagination
creativity
multiple criteria decision making
Curriculum Development

License

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Research Article

EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed, 2017, Volume 13, Issue 9, 6249-6283

https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.01062a

Publication date: 15 Sep 2017

Article Views: 2779

Article Downloads: 1829

Open Access References How to cite this article

References

Ahire, S. L., & Dreyfus, P. (2000). The impact of design management and process management on quality: an empirical investigation. Journal of Operations Management, 18(5), 549-575.
Altshuller, G., Shulyak, L., & Rodman, S. (1997). 40 Principles: TRIZ keys to innovation (Vol. 1): Technical Innovation Center, Inc.
Amabile, T. (1996). Creativity in context: Westview press.
Amabile, T. M. (1997). Motivating creativity in organizations: On doing what you love and loving what you do. California management review, 40(1), 39-58.
Andrews, J., & Smith, D. C. (1996). In search of the marketing imagination: Factors affecting the creativity of marketing programs for mature products. Journal of Marketing Research, 174-187.
Büyüközkan, G., Feyzioğlu, O., & Ruan, D. (2007). Fuzzy group decision-making to multiple preference formats in quality function deployment. Computers in Industry, 58(5), 392-402.
Baer, J., Kaufman, J. C., & Gentile, C. A. (2004). Extension of the consensual assessment technique to nonparallel creative products. Creativity Research Journal, 16(1), 113-117.
Barczak, G., Griffin, A., & Kahn, K. B. (2009). Perspective: trends and drivers of success in NPD practices: results of the 2003 PDMA best practices study*. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 26(1), 3-23.
Barker, A. T. (1999). Benchmarks of successful salesforce performance. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 16(2), 95-104.
Barron, F., & Harrington, D. M. (1981). Creativity, intelligence, and personality. Annual review of psychology, 32(1), 439-476.
Baskinger, M., & Nam, K.-C. (2006). Visual narratives: the essential role of imagination in the visualization process. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 2006 Asia-Pacific Symposium on Information Visualisation-Volume 60.
Beaney, M. (2005). Imagination and creativity: Open University Milton Keynes, UK.
Berman, S. L., Wicks, A. C., Kotha, S., & Jones, T. M. (1999). Does stakeholder orientation matter? The relationship between stakeholder management models and firm financial performance. Academy of Management journal, 42(5), 488-506.
Betts, G. H. (1916). The mind and its education: Appleton.
Bossert, J. L. (1991). Quality function deployment: a practitioner's approach: ASQC Quality Press.
Brady, E. (1998). Imagination and the aesthetic appreciation of nature. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 56(2), 139-147.
Calantone, R., Di Benedetto, C. A., & Rubera, G. (2012). Launch timing and launch activities proficiency as antecedents to new product performance. Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, 22(4), 290-309.
Cartwright, P., & Noone, L. (2006). Critical Imagination: A Pedagogy for Engaging Pre-Service Teachers in the University Classroom. College Quarterly, 9(4), n4.
Chai, K.-H., Zhang, J., & Tan, K.-C. (2005). A TRIZ-based method for new service design. Journal of Service Research, 8(1), 48-66.
Chen, M.-H., Chang, Y.-Y., & Chang, Y.-C. (2015). Exploring individual-work context fit in affecting employee creativity in technology-based companies. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 98, 1-12.
Chu, S., & Quek, F. (2013). Maia: A methodology for assessing imagination in action. Paper presented at the CHI 2013 Workshop on Evaluation Methods for Creativity Support Environments.
Clark, K. B., & Fujimoto, T. (1991). Product Development Performance: Strategy, Organization, and Management in the World Auto Industry: Harvard Business School Press.
Clarkson, A. (2003). A curriculum for the creative imagination. Creativity and music education, 52-76.
Colello, S. M. G. (2007). Imagination in children’s writing: How high can fiction fly. Notandum, 10(14), 5-15.
Cooper, R. G., Edgett, S. J., & Kleinschmidt, E. J. (2001). Portfolio management for new products: Basic Books.
Craft, A., Chappell, K., & Twining, P. (2008). Learners reconceptualising education: widening participation through creative engagement? Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 45(3), 235-245.
Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458-467.
Deng, J. (1986). Grey prediction and decision. Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
DeVries, W. (1988). Hegel's theory of mental activity.
Dewey, J. (1910). The influence of Darwin on philosophy. The influence of Darwin on philosophy and other essays, 1-19.
Dewey, J. (2005). Art as experience: Penguin.
Doiron, R., & Egan, K. (1993). Imagination in teaching and learning: The middle school years: JSTOR.
Eberle, B. (1996). Scamper on: Games for imagination development: Prufrock Press Inc.
Eberle, B., & Weber, J. K. (1990). Scamper on: For Creative Imagination Development: Hawker Brownlow Education.
Egan, K. (2005). An imaginative approach to teaching. San Francisco.
El-Murad, J., & West, D. C. (2004). The definition and measurement of creativity: what do we know? Journal of Advertising Research, 44(02), 188-201.
Enkel, E., & Gassmann, O. (2010). Creative imitation: exploring the case of cross‐industry innovation. R&d Management, 40(3), 256-270.
Ermer, D. S. (1995). Using QFD becomes an educational experience for students and faculty. Quality Progress, 28(5), 131.
Fettes, M., & Judson, G. (2010). Imagination and the cognitive tools of place-making. The Journal of Environmental Education, 42(2), 123-135.
Finke, R. A. (1996). Imagery, creativity, and emergent structure. Consciousness and cognition, 5(3), 381-393.
Folkmann, M. N. (2010). Enabling creativity. Imagination in design processes. Paper presented at the DS 66-2: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Design Creativity (ICDC 2010).
Gabus, A., & Fontela, E. (1972). World Problems, an Invitation to Further Thought Within the Framework of DEMATEL. Geneva, Switzerland: Batelle Geneva Research Center.
Gajdamaschko*, N. (2005). Vygotsky on imagination: Why an understanding of the imagination is an important issue for schoolteachers. Teaching Education, 16(1), 13-22.
Gao, C., Huang, K., & Ma, F. (2005). Comparison of innovation methodologies and TRIZ. The TRIZ Journal.
Garcia, M. L., & Bray, O. H. (1997). Fundamentals of technology roadmapping: Citeseer.
Garvin, D. A. (1985). Building a learning organization. Org Dev & Trng, 6E (Iae), 274.
Gattiker, U. (1984). Managing computer-based office information technology: a process model for management. Human Factors in Organizational Design, North-Holland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1, 395-403.
Gaut, B. (2003). Creativity and imagination. The creation of art, 148-173.
Gladding, S. T., & Henderson, D. A. (2000). Creativity and family counseling: The SCAMPER model as a template for promoting creative processes. The Family Journal, 8(3), 245-249.
Green, P. E., & Srinivasan, V. (1978). Conjoint analysis in consumer research: issues and outlook. Journal of consumer research, 103-123.
Griffin, A., & Hauser, J. R. (1993). The voice of the customer. Marketing science, 12(1), 1-27.
Griffin, A., & Page, A. L. (1993). An interim report on measuring product development success and failure. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 10(4), 291-308.
Grzesiak, A., Becker, R., & Verl, A. (2011). The bionic handling assistant: a success story of additive manufacturing. Assembly Automation, 31(4), 329-333.
Heath, G. (2008). Exploring the imagination to establish frameworks for learning. Studies in Philosophy and Education, 27(2-3), 115-123.
Hoidn, S., & Kärkkäinen, K. (2014). Promoting skills for innovation in higher education: A literature review on the effectiveness of problem-based learning and of teaching behaviours: OECD Publishing.
Howard, T. J., Culley, S. J., & Dekoninck, E. (2008). Describing the creative design process by the integration of engineering design and cognitive psychology literature. Design studies, 29(2), 160-180.
Hsu, Y., Liang, C., & Chang, C.-C. (2014). The mediating effects of generative cognition on imagination stimulation. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 51(5), 544-555.
Huang, C.-Y., & Shyu, J. Z. (2006). Developing e-commerce business models for enabling silicon intellectual property transactions. International Journal of Information Technology and Management, 5(2/3), 114-133.
Huang, C.-Y., Shyu, J. Z., & Tzeng, G.-H. (2007). Reconfiguring the innovation policy portfolios for Taiwan's SIP Mall industry. Technovation, 27(12), 744-765. doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2007.04.002.
Huang, C.-Y., Shyu, J. Z., & Tzeng, G. H. (2007). Reconfiguring the Innovation Policy Portfolios for Taiwan 's SIP Mall Industry. Technovation, 27(12), 744-765.
Huang, C.-Y., Tzeng, G. H., & Ho, W. R. (2010). System on Chip Design Service e-Business Value Maximization Through a Novel MCDM Framework. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(7), 7947-7962.
Ilevbare, I. M., Probert, D., & Phaal, R. (2013). A review of TRIZ, and its benefits and challenges in practice. Technovation, 33(2), 30-37.
Im, S., & Workman Jr, J. P. (2004). Market orientation, creativity, and new product performance in high-technology firms. Journal of marketing, 68(2), 114-132.
Juan, Y.-K., Perng, Y.-H., Castro-Lacouture, D., & Lu, K.-S. (2009). Housing refurbishment contractors selection based on a hybrid fuzzy-QFD approach. Automation in Construction, 18(2), 139-144.
Julong, D. (1989). Introduction to grey system theory. The Journal of grey system, 1(1), 1-24.
Kangas, M. (2010). Creative and playful learning: Learning through game co-creation and games in a playful learning environment. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 5(1), 1-15.
Karsak, E. E., Sozer, S., & Alptekin, S. E. (2003). Product planning in quality function deployment using a combined analytic network process and goal programming approach. Computers & industrial engineering, 44(1), 171-190.
Kelly, J., Male, S., & Graham, D. (2014). Value management of construction projects: John Wiley & Sons.
Kimori, Y. (2013). Morphological image processing for quantitative shape analysis of biomedical structures: effective contrast enhancement. Journal of synchrotron radiation, 20(6), 848-853.
Klukken, P. G., Parsons, J. R., & Columbus, P. J. (1997). The creative experience in engineering practice: Implications for engineering education. Journal of Engineering Education, 86(2), 133-138.
Kunzendorf, R. G. (1982). Mental images, appreciation of grammatical patterns, and creativity. Journal of Mental Imagery.
Kwatra, S., & Salamatov, Y. (2012). Trimming, Miniaturization and Ideality Via Convolution Technique of TRIZ: A Guide to Lean and High-level Inventive Design: Springer Science & Business Media.
Lee, S., & Sai On Ko, A. (2000). Building balanced scorecard with SWOT analysis, and implementing “Sun Tzu's The Art of Business Management Strategies” on QFD methodology. Managerial Auditing Journal, 15(1/2), 68-76.
Lee, Y. S., Huang., J. C., & Hsu, Y. S. (2008). Using Modified Delphi Method to Explore the Competition Strategy for Software Companies of Taiwan. Journal of Informatics & Electronics, 13(1), 39-50.
Levitt, T. (1986). Marketing Imagination: New: Simon and Schuster.
Liang, C., Chi-Cheng, C., Chang, Y., & Li-Jhong, L. (2012). The exploration of indicators of imagination. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 11(3).
Liao, S., Wu, M.-J., Huang, C.-Y., Kao, Y.-S., & Lee, T.-H. (2014). Evaluating and Enhancing Three-Dimensional Printing Service Providers for Rapid Prototyping Using the DEMATEL Based Network Process and VIKOR. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2014.
Lin, C.-L., Hong, J.-C., Hwang, M.-Y., & Lin, Y.-L. (2006). A Study of the Applicability of Idea Generation Techniques. Paper presented at the The XVII ISPIM Conference, Athens, Greece.
Lin, J.-S., Liang, C.-T., Chang, W.-S., & Liang, C. (2015). Relation between Personality Traits and Imaginative Capability of Engineering Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION, 31(1), 23-32.
Lin, W.-S., Hsu, Y., & Liang, C. (2014). The mediator effects of conceiving imagination on academic performance of design students. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 24(1), 73-89.
Liu, E., & Noppe-Brandon, S. (2009). Imagination first: Unlocking the power of possibility: John Wiley & Sons.
Lu, M.-T., Lin, S.-W., & Tzeng, G.-H. (2013). Improving RFID adoption in Taiwan's healthcare industry based on a DEMATEL technique with a hybrid MCDM model. Decision Support Systems, 56, 259-269.
Luttropp, C., & Lagerstedt, J. (2006). EcoDesign and The Ten Golden Rules: generic advice for merging environmental aspects into product development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 14(15), 1396-1408.
March, J. G. (1991). Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization science, 2(1), 71-87.
Marginson, S., Tytler, R., Freeman, B., & Roberts, K. (2013). STEM: country comparisons: international comparisons of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education. Final report: Australian Council of Learned Academies.
McFadden, D. (1986). The choice theory approach to market research. Marketing science, 5(4), 275-297.
McGraw, D. (2004). Expanding the mind. ASEE Prism, 13(9), 30.
Mijares-Colmenares, B. E., Masten, W. G., & Underwood, J. R. (1993). Effects of trait anxiety and the scamper technique on creative thinking of intellectually gifted students. Psychological reports, 72(3), 907-912.
Morosini, P. (2010). Seven keys to imagination: Creating the future by imagining the unthinkable and delivering it: Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd.
Mumford, M. D., & Gustafson, S. B. (1988). Creativity syndrome: Integration, application, and innovation. Psychological bulletin, 103(1), 27.
Murry, J. W., & Hammons, J. O. (1995). Delphi: A versatile methodology for conducting qualitative research. The Review of Higher Education, 18(4), 423-436.
Norton, J. L. (1994). Creative Thinking and Locus of Control as Predictors of Reflective Thinking in Preservice Teachers.
Ogot, M., & Okudan, G. E. (2006). Integrating systematic creativity into first-year engineering design curriculum. International Journal of Engineering and Education, 22(1), 109.
Okudan, G. l. E., Ogot, M., & Shirwaiker, R. (2006). An investigation on the effectiveness of design ideation using TRIZ. Paper presented at the ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference.
Osborn, A. F. (1953). Applied imagination.
Osteras, T., Murthy, D., & Rausand, M. (2006). Product performance and specification in new product development. Journal of Engineering Design, 17(2), 177-192.
Pahl, G., & Beitz, W. (1988). Engineering design: a systematic approach. NASA STI/Recon Technical Report A, 89, 47350.
Perdue, K. (2003). Imagination. The Chicago school of media theory. Retrieved October, 16, 2011.
Phillips-Wren, G., Jain, L. C., Nakamatsu, K., & Howlett, R. J. (2010). Advances in Intelligent Decision Technologies: Proceedings of the Second Kes International Symposium Idt 2010: Springer.
Politis, J. D. (2005). QFD, organisational creativity and productivity. International journal of Quality & Reliability management, 22(1), 59-71.
Project Management Institute. (2008). Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® GUIDE). New Squares, P.A.: Project Management Institute.
Rangaswamy, A., & Lilien, G. L. (1997). Software tools for new product development. Journal of Marketing Research, 34(1), 177-184.
Reichling, M. J. (1990). Images of imagination. Journal of Research in Music Education, 38(4), 282-293.
Reiner, M., & Gilbert, J. (2000). Epistemological resources for thought experimentation in science learning. International Journal of Science Education, 22(5), 489-506.
Ribot, T. (1906). Essay on the creative imagination: Open Court.
Ruchti, B., & Livotov, P. (2001). TRIZ-based innovation principles and a process for problem solving in business and management. The TRIZ Journal, 1, 677-687.
Rutitsky, D. (2010). Using TRIZ as an entrepreneurship tool. Journal of management, 17(1), 39-44.
Saaty, T. L. (1980). The analytic hierarchy process: planning, priority setting, resource allocation: McGraw-Hill International Book Co.
Sapuan, S., Maleque, M., Hameedullah, M., Suddin, M., & Ismail, N. (2005). A note on the conceptual design of polymeric composite automotive bumper system. Journal of materials processing technology, 159(2), 145-151.
Savransky, S. D. (2000). Engineering of creativity: Introduction to TRIZ methodology of inventive problem solving: CRC Press.
Scheffler, I. (2010). In Praise of the Cognitive Emotions (Routledge Revivals): And Other Essays in the Philosophy of Education: Routledge.
Schoemaker, P. J. (1995). Scenario planning: a tool for strategic thinking. Sloan management review, 36(2), 25.
Schweizer, T. P. (2002). Integrating TRIZ into the Curriculum: An Educational Imperative. TRIZ Journal.
Serrat, O. (2009). The SCAMPER technique.
Silvia, P. J., Winterstein, B. P., Willse, J. T., Barona, C. M., Cram, J. T., Hess, K. I., . . . Richard, C. A. (2008). Assessing creativity with divergent thinking tasks: Exploring the reliability and validity of new subjective scoring methods. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 2(2), 68.
Souchkov, V. (2007). Breakthrough thinking with TRIZ for business and management: An overview. ICG Training & Consulting, 3-12.
Stevens, G., Burley, J., & Divine, R. (1999). Creativity business discipline= higher profits faster from new product development. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 16(5), 455-468.
Sung, W. C. (2001). Application of Delphi method, a qualitative and quantitative analysis, to the healthcare management. Journal of Healthcare Management, 2(2), 11-19.
Takahashi, M. (1993). Dictionary of creativity: Tokyo: Mo To Publishing.
Tamer Cavusgil, S., Calantone, R. J., & Zhao, Y. (2003). Tacit knowledge transfer and firm innovation capability. Journal of business & industrial marketing, 18(1), 6-21.
Tamura, M., Nagata, H., & Akazawa, K. (2002). Extraction and systems analysis of factors that prevent safety and security by structural models Proceedings of the 41st SICE Annual Conference, Volume 3. (pp. 1752-1759). Osaka, Japan. (Reprinted from: IN FILE).
Tan, R., Ma, L., Yang, B., & Sun, J. (2008). Systematic method to generate new ideas in fuzzy front end using TRIZ. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering-English Edition, 21(2), 114.
Taylor, M. (2013). The Oxford handbook of the development of imagination: Oxford University Press.
Thomas, N. J. (1999). Are theories of imagery theories of imagination?: An active perception approach to conscious mental content. Cognitive science, 23(2), 207-245.
Thompson, G., & Lordan, M. (1999). A review of creativity principles applied to engineering design. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, 213(1), 17-31.
Townsend, D. (2003). Cohen on Kant's aesthetic judgements. The British Journal of Aesthetics, 43(1), 75-79.
Trotman, D. (2006). Interpreting imaginative lifeworlds: Phenomenological approaches in imagination and the evaluation of educational practice. Qualitative Research, 6(2), 245-265.
Tzeng, G.-H., & Huang, C.-Y. (2012). Combined DEMATEL technique with hybrid MCDM methods for creating the aspired intelligent global manufacturing & logistics systems. Annals of Operations Research, 197(1), 159-190.
Tzeng, G.-H., & Tasur, S. (1994). The multiple criteria evaluation of grey relation model. The Journal of grey system, 6(2), 87-108.
Udwadia, F. E. (1990). Creativity and innovation in organizations: Two models and managerial implications. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 38(1), 65-80.
Ulrich, K. T. (2003). Product design and development: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
Valett, R. E. (1983). Strategies for Developing Creative Imagination & Thinking Skills.
Van Boeijen, A., Daalhuizen, J., Van Der Schoor, R., & Zijlstra, J. (2014). Delft Design Guide: Design Strategies and Methods: Bis B.V., Uitgeverij (BIS Publishers).
Vygotsky, L. S. (1980). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes: Harvard university press.
Vygotsky, L. S. (2004). Imagination and creativity in childhood. Journal of Russian & East European Psychology, 42(1), 7-97.
Vygotsky, L. S., & Luria, A. (1994). Tool and symbol in child development. The vygotsky reader, 99-174.
Wallace, L., Keil, M., & Rai, A. (2004). Understanding software project risk: a cluster analysis. Information & Management, 42(1), 115-125.
Wysocki, R. K. (2013). Effective Project Management: Traditional, Agile, Extreme: Wiley.
Yang, Y. Q., Wang, S. Q., Dulaimi, M., & Low, S. P. (2003). A fuzzy quality function deployment system for buildable design decision-makings. Automation in construction, 12(4), 381-393.
Zhang, Q., & Doll, W. J. (2001). The fuzzy front end and success of new product development: a causal model. European Journal of Innovation Management, 4(2), 95-112.
Zittoun, T., & Gillespie, A. (2015). Imagination in human and cultural development: Routledge.
Zivkovic, Z., Nikolic, S. T., Doroslovacki, R., Lalic, B., Stankovic, J., & Zivkovic, T. (2015). Fostering creativity by a specially designed Doris tool. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 17, 132-148.
Zlotin, B., Zusman, A., Kaplan, L., Visnepolschi, S., Proseanic, V., & Malkin, S. (1999). TRIZ beyond technology: The theory and practice of applying TRIZ to nontechnical areas. Detroit: Ideation. Retrieved June, 2, 2005.

How to cite this article

APA

Huang, C.-Y., Kao, Y.-S., Lu, H.-H., & Wu, M.-J. (2017). Curriculum Development for Enhancing the Imagination in the Technology Commercialization Process. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 13(9), 6249-6283. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.01062a

Vancouver

Huang CY, Kao YS, Lu HH, Wu MJ. Curriculum Development for Enhancing the Imagination in the Technology Commercialization Process. EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed. 2017;13(9):6249-83. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.01062a

AMA

Huang CY, Kao YS, Lu HH, Wu MJ. Curriculum Development for Enhancing the Imagination in the Technology Commercialization Process. EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed. 2017;13(9), 6249-6283. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.01062a

Chicago

Huang, Chi-Yo, Yu-Sheng Kao, Hsueh-Hsin Lu, and Ming-Jenn Wu. "Curriculum Development for Enhancing the Imagination in the Technology Commercialization Process". Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education 2017 13 no. 9 (2017): 6249-6283. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.01062a

Harvard

Huang, C.-Y., Kao, Y.-S., Lu, H.-H., and Wu, M.-J. (2017). Curriculum Development for Enhancing the Imagination in the Technology Commercialization Process. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 13(9), pp. 6249-6283. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.01062a

MLA

Huang, Chi-Yo et al. "Curriculum Development for Enhancing the Imagination in the Technology Commercialization Process". Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, vol. 13, no. 9, 2017, pp. 6249-6283. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.01062a